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Drug/Chemical |
Action |
Plant Source |
|
Acetyldigoxin |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove, woolly foxglove) |
|
Adoniside |
Cardiotonic |
Adonis vernalis (pheasant's eye, red chamomile) |
|
Aescin |
Antiinflammatory |
Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) |
|
Aesculetin |
Antidysentery |
Frazinus rhychophylla |
|
Agrimophol |
Anthelmintic |
Agrimonia supatoria |
|
Ajmalicine |
Treatment for circulatory disorders |
Rauvolfia sepentina |
|
Allantoin |
Vulnerary |
Several plants |
|
Allyl isothiocyanate |
Rubefacient |
Brassica nigra (black mustard) |
|
Anabesine |
Skeletal muscle relaxant |
Anabasis sphylla |
|
Andrographolide |
Treatment for baccillary dysentery |
Andrographis paniculata |
|
Anisodamine |
Anticholinergic |
Anisodus tanguticus |
|
Anisodine |
Anticholinergic |
Anisodus tanguticus |
|
Arecoline |
Anthelmintic |
Areca catechu (betel nut palm) |
|
Asiaticoside |
Vulnerary |
Centella asiatica (gotu cola) |
|
Atropine |
Anticholinergic |
Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) |
|
Benzyl benzoate |
Scabicide |
Several plants |
|
Berberine |
Treatment for bacillary dysentery |
Berberis vulgaris (common barberry) |
|
Bergenin |
Antitussive |
Ardisia japonica (marlberry) |
|
Betulinic acid |
Anticancerous |
Betula alba (common birch) |
|
Borneol |
Antipyretic, analgesic, antiinflammatory |
Several plants |
|
Bromelain |
Antiinflammatory, proteolytic |
Ananas comosus (pineapple) |
|
CNS stimulant |
Camellia sinensis (tea, also coffee, cocoa and other plants) |
|
|
Camphor |
Rubefacient |
Cinnamomum camphora (camphor tree) |
|
Camptothecin |
Anticancerous |
Camptotheca acuminata |
|
(+)-Catechin |
Hemostatic |
Potentilla fragarioides |
|
Chymopapain |
Proteolytic, mucolytic |
Carica papaya (papaya) |
|
Cissampeline |
Skeletal muscle relaxant |
Cissampelos pareira (velvet leaf) |
|
Local anaesthetic |
Erythroxylum coca (coca plant) |
|
|
Codeine |
Analgesic, antitussive |
Papaver somniferum (poppy) |
|
Colchiceine amide |
Antitumor agent |
Colchicum autumnale (autumn crocus) |
|
Colchicine |
Antitumor, antigout |
Colchicum autumnale (autumn crocus) |
|
Convallatoxin |
Cardiotonic |
Convallaria majalis (lily-of-the-valley) |
|
Curcumin |
Choleretic |
Curcuma longa (turmeric) |
|
Cynarin |
Choleretic |
Cynara scolymus (artichoke) |
|
Danthron |
Laxative |
Cassia species |
|
Demecolcine |
Antitumor agent |
Colchicum autumnale (autumn crocus) |
|
Deserpidine |
Antihypertensive, tranquilizer |
Rauvolfia canescens |
|
Deslanoside |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove, woolly foxglove) |
|
L-Dopa |
Anti-parkinsonism |
Mucuna species (nescafe, cowage, velvetbean) |
|
Digitalin |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis purpurea (purple foxglove) |
|
Digitoxin |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis purpurea (purple foxglove) |
|
Digoxin |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis purpurea (purple or common foxglove) |
|
Emetine |
Amoebicide, emetic |
Cephaelis ipecacuanha |
|
Ephedrine |
Sympathomimetic, antihistamine |
Ephedra sinica (ephedra, ma huang) |
|
Etoposide |
Antitumor agent |
Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple) |
|
Galanthamine |
Cholinesterase inhibitor |
Lycoris squamigera (magic lily, resurrection lily, naked lady) |
|
Gitalin |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis purpurea (purple or common foxglove) |
|
Glaucarubin |
Amoebicide |
Simarouba glauca (paradise tree) |
|
Glaucine |
Antitussive |
Glaucium flavum (yellow hornpoppy, horned poppy, sea poppy) |
|
Glasiovine |
Antidepressant |
Octea glaziovii |
|
Glycyrrhizin |
Sweetener, treatment for Addison's disease |
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) |
|
Gossypol |
Male contraceptive |
Gossypium species (cotton) |
|
Hemsleyadin |
Treatment for bacillary dysentery |
Hemsleya amabilis |
|
Hesperidin |
Treatment for capillary fragility |
Citrus species (e.g., oranges) |
|
Hydrastine |
Hemostatic, astringent |
Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal) |
|
Hyoscyamine |
Anticholinergic |
Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane, stinking nightshade, henpin) |
|
Irinotecan |
Anticancer, antitumor agent |
Camptotheca acuminata |
|
Kaibic acud |
Ascaricide |
Digenea simplex (wireweed) |
|
Kawain |
Tranquilizer |
Piper methysticum (kava kava) |
|
Kheltin |
Bronchodilator |
Ammi visaga |
|
Lanatosides A, B, C |
Cardiotonic |
Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove, woolly foxglove) |
|
Lapachol |
Anticancer, antitumor |
Tabebuia species (trumpet tree) |
|
a-Lobeline |
Smoking deterrant, respiratory stimulant |
Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco) |
|
Menthol |
Rubefacient |
Mentha species (mint) |
|
Methyl salicylate |
Rubefacient |
Gaultheria procumbens (wintergreen) |
|
Monocrotaline |
Topical antitumor agent |
Crotalaria sessiliflora |
|
Morphine |
Analgesic |
Papaver somniferum (poppy) |
|
Neoandrographolide |
Treatment of dysentery |
Andrographis paniculata |
|
Nicotine |
Insecticide |
Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) |
|
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid |
Antioxidant |
Larrea divaricata (creosote bush) |
|
Noscapine |
Antitussive |
Papaver somniferum (poppy) |
|
Ouabain |
Cardiotonic |
Strophanthus gratus (ouabain tree) |
|
Pachycarpine |
Oxytocic |
Sophora pschycarpa |
|
Palmatine |
Antipyretic, detoxicant |
Coptis japonica (Chinese goldenthread, goldthread, Huang-Lia) |
|
Papain |
Proteolytic, mucolytic |
Carica papaya (papaya) |
|
Papavarine |
Smooth muscle relaxant |
Papaver somniferum (opium poppy, common poppy) |
|
Phyllodulcin |
Sweetener |
Hydrangea macrophylla (bigleaf hydrangea, French hydrangea) |
|
Physostigmine |
Cholinesterase inhibitor |
Physostigma venenosum (Calabar bean) |
|
Picrotoxin |
Analeptic |
Anamirta cocculus (fish berry) |
|
Pilocarpine |
Parasympathomimetic |
Pilocarpus jaborandi (jaborandi, Indian hemp) |
|
Pinitol |
Expectorant |
Several plants (e.g., bougainvillea) |
|
Podophyllotoxin |
Antitumor, anticancer agent |
Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple) |
|
Protoveratrines A, B |
Antihypertensives |
Veratrum album (white false hellebore) |
|
Pseudoephredrine |
Sympathomimetic |
Ephedra sinica (ephedra, ma huang) |
|
nor-pseudoephedrine |
Sympathomimetic |
Ephedra sinica (ephedra, ma huang) |
|
Quinidine |
Antiarrhythmic |
Cinchona ledgeriana (quinine tree) |
|
Quinine |
Antimalarial, antipyretic |
Cinchona ledgeriana (quinine tree) |
|
Qulsqualic acid |
Anthelmintic |
Quisqualis indica (Rangoon creeper, drunken sailor) |
|
Rescinnamine |
Antihypertensive, tranquilizer |
Rauvolfia serpentina |
|
Reserpine |
Antihypertensive, tranquilizer |
Rauvolfia serpentina |
|
Rhomitoxin |
Antihypertensive, tranquilizer |
Rhododendron molle (rhododendron) |
|
Rorifone |
Antitussive |
Rorippa indica |
|
Rotenone |
Piscicide, Insecticide |
Lonchocarpus nicou |
|
Rotundine |
Analagesic, sedative, traquilizer |
Stephania sinica |
|
Rutin |
Treatment for capillary fragility |
Citrus species (e.g., orange, grapefruit) |
|
Salicin |
Analgesic |
Salix alba (white willow) |
|
Sanguinarine |
Dental plaque inhibitor |
Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot) |
|
Santonin |
Ascaricide |
Artemisia maritma (wormwood) |
|
Scillarin A |
Cardiotonic |
Urginea maritima (squill) |
|
Scopolamine |
Sedative |
Datura species (e.g., Jimsonweed) |
|
Sennosides A, B |
Laxative |
Cassia species (cinnamon) |
|
Silymarin |
Antihepatotoxic |
Silybum marianum (milk thistle) |
|
Sparteine |
Oxytocic |
Cytisus scoparius (scotch broom) |
|
Stevioside |
Sweetener |
Stevia rebaudiana (stevia) |
|
Strychnine |
CNS stimulant |
Strychnos nux-vomica (poison nut tree) |
|
Taxol |
Antitumor agent |
Taxus brevifolia (Pacific yew) |
|
Teniposide |
Antitumor agent |
Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple or mandrake) |
|
Tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC) |
Antiemetic, decreases occular tension |
Cannabis sativa (marijuana) |
|
Tetrahydropalmatine |
Analgesic, sedative, tranquilizer |
Corydalis ambigua |
|
Tetrandrine |
Antihypertensive |
Stephania tetrandra |
|
Diuretic, vasodilator |
Theobroma cacao (cocoa) |
|
|
Theophylline |
Diuretic, bronchodilator |
Theobroma cacao and others (cocoa, tea) |
|
Thymol |
Topical antifungal |
Thymus vulgaris (thyme) |
|
Topotecan |
Antitumor, anticancer agent |
Camptotheca acuminata |
|
Trichosanthin |
Abortifacient |
Trichosanthes kirilowii (snake gourd) |
|
Tubocurarine |
Skeletal muscle relaxant |
Chondodendron tomentosum (curare vine) |
|
Valapotriates |
Sedative |
Valeriana officinalis (valerian) |
|
Vasicine |
Cerebral stimulant |
Vinca minor (periwinkle) |
|
Vinblastine |
Antitumor, Antileukemic agent |
Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) |
|
Vincristine |
Antitumor, Antileukemic agent |
Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) |
|
Yohimbine |
Aphrodisiac |
Pausinystalia yohimbe (yohimbe) |
|
Yuanhuacine |
Abortifacient |
Daphne genkwa (lilac) |
|
Yuanhuadine |
Abortifacient |
Daphne genkwa (lilac) |